Vitamin D status modulates innate immune responses and metabolomic profiles following acute prolonged cycling

Purpose The influence of vitamin D status on exercise-induced immune dysfunction remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of vitamin D status (circulating 25(OH)D) on innate immune responses and metabolomic profiles to prolonged exercise. Methods Twenty three healthy, recreationally active males (age 25 ± 7 years; maximal oxygen uptake [ V̇O_2 max] 56 ± 9 mL·kg −1 ·min −1 ), classified as being deficient (n = 7) or non-deficient n = 16) according to plasma concentrations of 25(OH)D, completed 2.5 h of cycling at 15