Relaxation of experimental parameters in a Quantum-Gravity Induced Entanglement of Masses Protocol using electromagnetic screening
Physical Review Research(2023)
摘要
To test the quantum nature of gravity in a lab requires witnessing the
entanglement between the two test masses (nano-crystals) solely due to the
gravitational interaction kept at a distance in a spatial superposition. The
protocol is known as the quantum gravity-induced entanglement of masses (QGEM).
One of the main backgrounds in the QGEM experiment is electromagnetic (EM)
induced entanglement and decoherence. The EM interactions can entangle the two
neutral masses via dipole-dipole vacuum-induced interactions, such as the
Casimir-Polder interaction. To mitigate the EM-induced interactions between the
two nano-crystals, we enclose the two interferometers in a Faraday cage and
separate them by a conducting plate. However, any imperfection on the surface
of a nano-crystal, such as a permanent dipole moment will also create an EM
background interacting with the conducting plate in the experimental box. These
interactions will further generate EM-induced dephasing which we wish to
mitigate. In this paper, we will consider a parallel configuration of the QGEM
experiment, where we will estimate the EM-induced dephasing rate, run-by-run
systematic errors which will induce dephasing, and also provide constraints on
the size of the superposition in a model-independent way of creating the
spatial superposition.
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