The two-component system expression patterns and immune regulatory mechanism of Vibrio parahaemolyticus with different genotypes at the early stage of infection in THP-1 cells.

must endure various challenging circumstances while being swallowed by phagocytes of the innate immune system. Moreover, bacteria should recognize and react to environmental signals quickly in host cells. Two-component system (TCS) is an important way for bacteria to perceive external environmental signals and transmit them to the interior to trigger the associated regulatory mechanism. However, the regulatory function of TCS in innate immune cells is unclear. Here, the expression patterns of TCS in -infected THP-1 cell-derived macrophages at the early stage were studied for the first time. Based on protein-protein interaction network analysis, we mined and analyzed seven critical TCS genes with excellent research value in the regulating macrophages, as shown below. VP1503, VP1502, VPA0021, and VPA0182 could regulate the ATP-binding-cassette (ABC) transport system. VP1735, uvrY, and peuR might interact with thermostable hemolysin proteins, DNA cleavage-related proteins, and TonB-dependent siderophore enterobactin receptor, respectively, which may assist in infected macrophages. Subsequently, the potential immune escape pathways of regulating macrophages were explored by RNA-seq. The results showed that might infect macrophages by controlling apoptosis, actin cytoskeleton, and cytokines. In addition, we found that the TCS (peuS/R) could enhance the toxicity of to macrophages and might contribute to the activation of macrophage apoptosis. IMPORTANCE This study could offer crucial new insights into the pathogenicity of without and genes. In addition, we also provided a novel direction of inquiry into the pathogenic mechanism of and suggested several TCS key genes that may assist in innate immune regulation and interaction.