Effect of retrieval bags in preventing surgical site wound infection during elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy in liver cancer patients: A meta-analysis

A meta-analysis research was implemented to appraise the effect of retrieval bags (RBs) in preventing surgical site wound infection (SSWI) in elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy (ELC) in liver cancer (LC) patients. Inclusive literature research until April 2023 was done, and 1273 interconnected researches were reviewed. From a total of 11 researches that were chosen, 2559 ELC procedures in LC patients were at the starting point of the researches: 1273 of them were utilising RBs and 1286 were controls. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were utilised to appraise the consequence of RBs in preventing SSWI in ELC in LC patients by the dichotomous approach and a fixed or random model. RBs had significantly lower SSWI (OR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.38-0.76, p < 0.001) compared with controls in ELC in LC patients. However, no significant difference was found between RBs and controls in ELC in LC patients in bile spillage (OR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.21-1.24, p = 0.14), fascial extension (OR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.07-4.11, p = 0.55), postoperative collection (OR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.24-1.76, p = 0.40) and port site hernia (OR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.25-2.06, p = 0.54). RBs had significantly lower SSWI, and no significant difference was found in bile spillage, fascial extension, postoperative collection and port site hernia compared with controls in ELC in LC patients. However, caution needs to be taken when interacting with its values because there was a low sample size in some of the chosen researches and a low number of researches were found for some of the comparisons in the meta-analysis.