Biomimetic and Multifunctional Hemostatic Hydrogel with Rapid Thermoresponsive Gelation and Robust Wet Adhesion for Emergency Hemostasis: A Rational Design Based on Photo-Cross-Linking Coordinated Hydrophilic-Hydrophobic Balance Strategies

Uncontrolled bleeding in emergency situations is a greatthreatto both military and civilian lives, and an ideal hemostat for effectivelycontrolling prehospital hemorrhage is urgently needed but still lacking.Although hemostatic hydrogels are promising for emergency hemostasis,they are currently challenged by either the mutual exclusion betweena short gelation time and strong adhesive network or the insufficientfunctionality of ingredients and complicated operations for in situcuring. Herein, an extracellular matrix biopolymer-based and multifunctionalhemostatic hydrogel that simultaneously integrates rapid thermoresponsivegelation, robust wet adhesion, and ease of use in emergencies isrationally engineered. This hydrogel can be conveniently used viasimple injection and achieves instant sol-gel phase transitionat body temperature. Its comprehensive performance could be facilelyregulated by tuning the proportions of components, and the optimalperformance (gelation time 6-8 s, adhesion strength 125 & PLUSMN;3.6 kPa, burst pressure 282 & PLUSMN; 4.1 mmHg) is established due tothe coordinated enhancement of the photo-cross-linking pretreatmentand the hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance among various interactionsin the hydrogel system. Additionally, it exhibits significant coagulationeffect in vitro and enables effective hemostasisand wound healing in vivo. This work provides a promisingplatform for versatile applications of hydrogel-based materials, includingemergency hemostasis.