Serum visfatin levels are positively correlated with dietary carbohydrate and polyunsaturated fatty acid intakes in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.

Aims: To investigate the relationship between dietary intake and biochemical parameters and anthropometric measurements and serum visfatin concentrations. Study design: A case-control study. Methods: The study was carried out in 30 type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and 30 sex, age and body mass index (BMI) matches healthy control subjects. Biochemical parameters (glycemic and lipid profile, insulin resistance), anthropometric measurements (weight and bioimpedance) and dietary intake evaluation were obtained. Visfatin was assayed with ELISA method. Results: The mean BMI of the case group was 31.36 +/- 4.37 kg/m(2) and 29.80 +/- 3.53 kg/m(2) in the control group (p = 0.134). The results revealed a significant increase in the weight, waist circumference, waist/hip ratio, visceral fat ratio, fasting glucose level, HbA1c and fasting insulin as well as in insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) among T2DM patients when compared with controls (p < 0.05). Serum visfatin levels were higher in the subjects with T2DM than healthy control subjects (p < 0.05). There was no significant correlation between visfatin levels and biochemical parameters and anthropometric measurements in patients with T2DM. Serum visfatin level was positively correlated with carbohydrate (CHO) and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) in T2DM patients (r = 0.406, p = 0.026; r = 0.404, p = 0.027, respectively). Conclusion: T2DM patients compares with healthy control group increased serum visfatin levels. PUFA and CHO intake was found to be positively associated with visfatin levels.