Antioxidant, Hypoglycemic, Antilipidemic, and Protective Effect of Polyherbal Emulsion (F6-SMONSECCE) on Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats

The current study focused on the antioxidant potential,alpha-amylaseinhibitory activity, and hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, and histoprotective(pancreas and kidney) effects of polyherbal emulsion on the alloxan-induceddiabetic rats. Polyherbal formulations were prepared from extractsand oils of Nigella sativa (N. sativa), Citrullus colocynthis (C. colocynthis), and Silybum marianum (S. marianum). Out of nine stable formulations, one formulation named F6-SMONSECCEwas found to be the best after its evaluation using antioxidant andin vitro alpha-amylase inhibition assay. The prepared herbal formulationsshowed significant (p < 0.05) antioxidant activityin terms of radical scavenging as 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays and also revealedthe presence of a significant amount of total phenolic and flavonoidcontents. "F6- SMONSECCE" (prepared with composition; Silybum marianum oil (SMO) + Nigellasativa extract (NSE) + Citrullus colocynthis extract CCE) was selected for an in vivo trial to ascertain itsantidiabetic potential. The treatment dose was determined by usingan acute toxicity trial on rats. Administration of alloxan (150 mg/kgb.w., i.p.) significantly (P < 0.05) augmentedthe blood glucose levels and lipid contents as total cholesterol (TC),triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoproteins (LDL-c), and very-low-densitylipoproteins (VLDL-c). However, the levels of insulin and high-densitylipoproteins (HDL-c) were found to be decreased, and the histopathologicalalterations were also found in the pancreas and kidney. The administrationof the polyherbal formulation (F6-SMONSECCE) significantly attenuatedthe blood glucose levels (22.94%), TC (29.10%), TG (38.15%), LDL-c(27.58%), and VLDL-c (71.52%), whereas on the other side, the insulin(-149.15%) and HDL-c levels (-22.22%) were significantlyincreased. A significant histopathological normalization was observedin the pancreas and kidney tissues of the F6-SMONSECCE-treated rats.The current findings proposed that the prepared polyherbal formulation"F6-SMONSECCE" exhibited significant antioxidant, antilipidemic,and hypoglycemic potential and hence might be suggested as a remedyagainst diabetes or as a coadjuvant to synthetic medicines to maintainnormal physiology.