Distribution of Female and Male First and Last Authorship across Drug Delivery Related Journals with Respect to Year and Journal Impact Factor

First and last authorship are important metrics of productivityand scholarly success for trainees and professors. For 11 drug delivery-relatedjournals in 2021, the percentage of female first (39.5%) and last(25.7%) authorship was reported. A strong negative correlation, withfemale first (r (p) = -0.73) and femalelast authorship (r (p) = -0.66), wasobserved with respect to journal impact factor. In contrast, therewas a strong positive correlation with male first and last authorship(r (p) = 0.71). Papers were & SIM;1.5 timesmore likely to have a male first author, and & SIM;3 times morelikely to have a male last author, than females. A female was 22%more likely to have first authorship if the last author was female,although there is an & SIM;1% increase per year in female authorshipwith male last authorship, which equates to equality in first authorshipby 2044. Considering that drug delivery is composed of engineering,chemistry, and pharmaceutical science disciplines, the observed 25.7%female last authorship does not represent the approximately 35.5%to 50% of professors that are female in these disciplines, internationally.Overall, female authorship in drug delivery-related journals shouldimprove to better represent the work of female senior authors.