Transcatheter aortic valve implantation for failed surgical and transcatheter prostheses. Expert opinion of the Association of Percutaneous Cardiovascular Interventions of the Polish Cardiac Society

Over 15 years of clinical experience and multiple large-scale observational studies followed by guidelines show good safety and efficacy of valve-in-valve transcatheter aortic valve implantation TAVI (ViV-TAVI), which reduces the need for re-do surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) in high-risk patients. The number of procedures in Poland, estimated as ca. 2% of all TAVIs in 2020, is expected to rise. This article aims to review specific challenges of the ViV-TAVI procedure including proper pre-procedural planning to achieve best possible hemodynamic results and mitigate coronary occlusion risk. It also provides a preliminary review and guidelines on repeat TAVI (re-do TAVI) in patients presenting with a failed transcatheter aortic bioprosthesis.