Composition of essential oil from the bark and leaves of two morphotypes of Salmea scandens (Asteraceae), a medicinal plant in Oaxaca, Mexico

The chemical composition of the essential oils (EOs) from leaves and bark of two morphotypes, white (WM) and black (BM) of Salmea scandens obtained by microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) were analyzed by GC-MS. The major components of the bark EOs were aliphatic hydrocarbons (38.0% in WM, 48.6% in BM) and oxygenated sesquiterpenes (27.6% in WM, 11.3% in BM); in leaves EOs major components were oxygenated sesquiterpenes (43.9% in WM, 45.7% in BM) and oxygenated aliphatics (13.7% in WM, 1.1% in BM) stood out. Nine components have been reported to have antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory potential. The agglomerative hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis confirmed the variability of the EOs. These results suggest that WM may have a better therapeutic effect for treating infectious and inflammatory processes in traditional medicine.