The role of transvaginal ultrasound in the third-trimester evaluation of patients at high-risk of placenta accreta spectrum at birth.

Transvaginal ultrasound examination contribute to both prenatal management and to prediction of surgical outcomes in patients with a history of prior CD with and without ultrasound signs suggestive of PAS. Transvaginal ultrasound examination of the lower uterine segment and cervix should be included in clinical protocols for the preoperative evaluation of patients at risk of complex cesarean delivery, with or without signs suggesting PAS on imaging.