Association of trajectories of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration with risk of cardiovascular disease: the Kailuan Study

Objectives This study aimed to assess the association between longitudinal change in non-high- density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) and subsequent cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Design A retrospective study. Setting Data were obtained from the Kailuan Study, a dynamic cohort study initiated in 2006 in Tangshan, China. Participants The current study included 41 085 participants (mean age 53.9 +/- 11.6 years) free of CVD events in or before 2012. The non-HDL- C trajectory was developed according to the repeated measurement during 2006-2012 surveys to predict the CVD risk from 2012 to 2020. Primary outcome measures CVD events included myocardial infarction and stroke. Results 3 discrete non-HDL- C trajectories were identified: low-increasing (n=20 038), moderate-increasing (n=17 987) and high-increasing (n=3060). During 8 years of follow-up, 1797 CVD events were documented. Relative to the low-increasing pattern, adjusted HRs were 1.25 (95% CI: 1.13 to 1.38) for the moderate-increasing pattern and 1.46 (95% CI: 1.24 to 1.71) for the high-increasing pattern after adjustment for potential confounders such as age, sex, education background, smoking status, drinking status, physical activity, body mass index, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, hypertension, diabetes and lipid-lowering medications. Conclusions Changes in non-HDL- C were significantly associated with subsequent risk of CVD events, and participants with a high-increasing pattern had a higher CVD risk. Long-term monitoring of non-HDL- C could be useful to improve the prediction of CVD risk. Trial registration number ChiCTR-