Setting Observers Up for Success in Simulation

Background:The assignment to be an observer in simulation is common. Despite evidence that learning outcomes are similar for participants and observers, there is uncertainty among simulation facilitators about how to create a valuable learning experience for learners in observer roles.Problem:The prebriefing practices of establishing a fiction contract and orienting learners to their role are frequently centered on learners in participant roles.Approach:Tailoring a fiction contract to the opportunities and challenges that observers experience as well as the use of feedforward to provide specific objectives to learners in observer roles is discussed.Conclusions:Including specific strategies in the prebriefing for learners in observer roles sets observers up for success in simulation learning experiences.