Wideband Dielectric Patch Antenna With Stable Radiation Pattern

A dielectric patch antenna (DPA) with a wide impedance bandwidth and a stable radiation pattern is investigated. By making use of the fact that the E -field distributions of different modes of the DPA are distinctive, multiple air regions are elaborately introduced into the DPA. They can manipulate the resonant frequencies of different modes. As a result, the impedance bandwidth can be enhanced by merging the fundamental TM ₁₀₁ and higher order modes TM ₁₂₁ , TM ₃₂₁ , and TM ₁₄₁ . The air regions can also regulate the E -field distributions of the higher order modes TM ₃₂₁ and TM ₁₄₁ , reducing the out-of-phase E -fields and improving the radiation pattern. To validate the idea, a prototype operating in the X-band was designed, fabricated, and measured. Reasonable agreement between the measured and simulated results is observed. The measured 10 dB impedance bandwidth (| S ₁₁ | <−10 dB) is 44.9% (8.3–13.1 GHz), with the measured peak boresight realized gain being 8.95 dBi. Stable radiation patterns can be obtained within the working band.