Suppression of TREX1 deficiency-induced cellular senescence and interferonopathies by inhibition of DNA damage response.

TREX1 encodes a major DNA exonuclease and mutations of this gene are associated with type I interferonopathies in human. Mice with deletion or mutation have shortened life spans accompanied by a senescence-associated secretory phenotype. However, the contribution of cellular senescence in deficiency-induced type I interferonopathies remains unknown. We found that features of cellular senescence present in mice are induced by multiple factors, particularly DNA damage. The cGAS-STING and DNA damage response pathways are required for maintaining deletion-induced cellular senescence. Inhibition of the DNA damage response, such as with Checkpoint kinase 2 (CHK2) inhibitor, partially alleviated progression of type I interferonopathies and lupus-like features in the mice. These data provide insights into the initiation and development of type I interferonopathies and lupus-like diseases, and may help inform the development of targeted therapeutics.