Energy and speed optimization of inland battery-powered ship with considering the dynamic electricity price and complex navigational environment

Decarbonization has been a trend worldwide, especially in the shipping industry. A pure battery-powered all-electric ship (AES) may be the most flexible way to achieve ship decarburization in recent years. Compared with the conventional ship, the initial investment cost is high, and energy redundancy is low for battery-powered ships. Therefore, an energy management strategy that can minimize the operation cost and guarantee energy use safety is crucial. In this paper, considering the dynamic electricity price and environmental factors, a co-optimization method of ship speed and energy use is proposed for an inland battery-powered ship. Firstly, the energy consumption model is constructed by analyzing the interaction of the hull, propulsion motor, and propeller. Then the speed and energy optimization model is proposed to minimize the ship operation cost. Finally, a neighborhood search differential evolution (NSDE) is adopted to solve the proposed complex nonlinear optimization problem to obtain optimal sailing speed and departure time. Then case study is implemented with an actual battery-powered cargo ship. The results show that the method could provide ship operators a reference for better management of the inland battery-powered AES.