HSV-1 and HHV-6 Meningoencephalitis in a Child with STAT1 Mutation

Introduction: STAT1 is a critical signal transducer for both the interferon gamma receptor and IFN-alpha/beta receptors and is required for responses to herpesviruses. STAT1 defects vary in severity and clinical presentation. STAT1 loss of function (LOF) mutations with Mendelian Susceptibility to Mycobacterial Disease (MSMD) and STAT1 gain of function (GOF) mutations have been described with a wide clinical spectrum, including nontuberculous mycobacteria, disseminated fungal, bacterial, and viral infections in addition to immune dysregulation. We present a 10-year-old female with HSV-1 and HHV-6 meningoencephalitis that was found to have a variant in STAT1.