Mass transfer characteristics of a single bubble in immiscible fluids

The bubbles flow in immiscible fluids is widely present in metallurgical and chemical processes, and the investigation of mass transfer characteristics in immiscible fluids is of great importance in bath melting and extraction. The bubble rising process in immiscible fluids is simulated with the phase-field method, different viscosity and density ratios, interfacial tensions and bubble sizes are considered for the study of interface fluctuation behavior. Firstly, whether bubbles can cross the liquid-liquid interface is studied, and the discriminant K1 of whether bubbles can cross the interface is proposed. When K1 < 2.0, bubbles are trapped between the interfaces, otherwise, bubbles can successfully cross the interface. Secondly, the fluctuation behavior of bubbles on the interface is investigated after they cross the interface. Finally, the prediction model K2 for the degree of interface fluctuation is proposed under the condition of K1 ≥ 2.0. The interface belongs to smaller fluctuation when K2 < 2.45, and vice versa, it belongs to larger fluctuation. The accuracy of K2 is 93.39% after verification.