Evaluation of the Relationship between Malaria Infection and Significant Spread of Electrolyte Variation in Patients: Within and Outside Limit Analytic Model.

Abstract Background: Malaria is one of the most common diseased conditions across most developing countries caused by one of four species of Plasmodium. Electrolyte imbalance and mineral disturbances are majorly identified clinical symptoms in various infectious diseases including malaria. Malaria infection has also been shown to be associated with abnormalities in fluids, electrolytes and acid base balances which are capable of enhancing disease severity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of malaria infection on electrolytes parameters. Methods: Finger prick blood samples were collected from Two-Hundred (200) malaria-suspected subjects representing all age groups and gender. The Giemsa-stained blood smears were carefully examined according to standard procedure. Demographic information was obtained using structured questionnaires. Results: Pearson's Correlation Coefficient technique was used to investigate the relationship, and the strength of association between the variables. The mean bound of patients’ sodium level was observed to fall within the specified normal limits of 125mmol/L – 145mmol/L; except for positive malaria patients belonging to the MP-(++) which will fall below the 125mmol/L (i.e. 126.25mmol/L – 1.77mmol/L = 124.48mmol/L). Conclusion: In our study we found that Plasmodium falciparum showed more alteration in electrolytes parameters than Plasmodium vivax. This study discovered a significant linear relationship based on the Pearson product-moment correlation between creatinine and urea, potassium and chloride, potassium and creatinine, potassium and urea. The mean sodium and chloride level of positive malaria [MP-(++)] patients were observed to fall outside the normal limit.