Visual Field Improvement Achieved by Decompression Surgery for Craniomaxillofacial Fibrous Dysplasia: A Case Report

Abstract BackgroundCraniomaxillofacial fibrous dysplasia (CFD) is a type of congenital benign bone disorder that progressively replaces the healthy bone marrow with fibrous tissue. When the optic nerve is influenced, the efficacy of therapeutic decompression is doubtful, as vision loss is irreversible with the thinning nerve fiber layer. Case presentationA 22-year-old female presented to our institution with left painless, slowly-progressing orbito-fronto-temporal swelling. She had undergone several plastic surgeries before. Enlargement in her left frontal area involving the orbital region was seen, with increased frontal contour and vertical dystopia and minimal inferior displacement of the globe. We observed significant visual field defects in her left eye, and her retinal fiber layer was thin on examination. She was therefore diagnosed as FD. Decompression operation was performed, and her visual acuity and central visual field improved in the 1-month follow-up.Conclusions Our case indicated that visual defect caused by prolonged time course of optic nerve compression by craniomaxillofacial fibrous dysplasia can be relieved partially by decompression surgery.