A Hybrid Precoding Scheme for Millimeter Wave Massive MIMO System with Residual Hardware Impairments

Based on the assumption of perfect transceiver hardware, the hybrid precoding of millimeter wave massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) system has been extensively studied. However, the residual hardware impairments caused by non-ideal characteristics of transceivers are unavoidable in millimeter wave massive MIMO system, which lead to hybrid precoding performance degradation seriously. To address this problem, the hybrid precoding model which considers the impact of residual hardware impairments is built for millimeter wave massive MIMO system and a hybrid precoding scheme based on manifold optimization is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the optimization objective is designed with the modified mean square error. Then the closed-form expressions of the digital precoding and digital combining matrix are derived and the optimal solutions of the analog precoding matrix and the combining matrix are obtained by dealing with the constant modulus constraint on the Riemannian manifold. Finally, the joint hybrid precoding and combining design are achieved by iteratively and alternatively optimizing the hybrid precoding and the hybrid combining matrix. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme suppresses effectively the impact of residual hardware impairments on the millimeter-wave massive MIMO system, and improves significantly the system performance.