Depth error correction for plenoptic cameras based on an innovative AR system combining geometrical waveguide and micro-lens array

•A new AR system has been developed to project a virtual scale network for quantitative depth calibration and fast-tracking of targets without spending much recourse on the useless information. This innovative optical system combines geometrical waveguide and micro-lens array for AR display.•The experiments proved the virtual scales can help filter the complex background noises effectively, calibrate and correct the depth error of plenoptic cameras, and rapidly scope the targeted useful information.•The fitted value R2 is presented to estimate the accuracy of the depth information provided by the plenoptic cameras.•A depth calibration algorithm is proposed for obtaining accurate depth information of 3D images.