A new species of Guadua (Poaceae: Bambusoideae: Guaduinae) from Para state in Amazonian Brazil

A new species of Guadua, a Neotropical woody bamboo genus, is here described and illustrated. Guadua leonardoana occurs in southeastern Amazonia, northern Brazil, in rainforest vegetation, and apparently is endemic to Para state, with only two known populations restricted to the Serra dos Carajas. This species belongs to the "Guadua weberbaueri group" and the description is based on vegetative features. A morphological description, illustrations, photos in the field, scanning electronic micrographs of the foliage leaf surfaces, data on anatomy and micromorphology of the foliage leaf blade, and information on the conservation status and distribution are presented.