The Effect of Different Concentration of Silver Nanoparticles on the Growth, Bioactive Compound, and Scanning Electron Microscopy of Germinated Kidney Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris)

The objective of a conducted research was to analyze the impacts of numerous silver nanoparticle concentrations (20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 ppm) on germination of kidney beans. This entailed treating 100 g of seeds with AgNp for 2 h, immediately following 5 days of germination in a jute bag. Results indicated that, compared to other concentrations, 60 ppm had the highest percentage of germination and the longest roots, whereas the extreme concentrations had the opposite effects. The closest analysis of seeds that had already germinated revealed that the moisture content was highest at 100 ppm (17.47%). Both germinated and non-germinated kidney beans have a drop in ash and fat content when they sprouted. Additionally, fiber content increased when kidney beans were treated with up to 80 ppm, but it reduced at 100 ppm. Oval and elliptical granules with variable sizes (0–10 m) were found in the microstructural study of germinated seeds performed with a scanning electron microscope. Incorporation of 60 ppm of AgNP showed the greatest amounts of total phenols (5.04 mg GAE/g), flavonoids (480.40 mg catechin/100 g), and flavonols (660.80 mg catechin/100 g) and the antioxidant profile was 72%. The research demonstrated that adding silver nanoparticles to kidney bean seeds at concentrations of 60 ppm had a good impact on germination, antioxidant activity, and total phenolic chemicals.