Hydraulic Optimization Control of Cascaded Open Channel under the Emergency Scenario of a Downstream Water Supply Interruption

Downstream water supply disruption accidents commonly occur in the large-scale cascade open-channel dispatching system, endangering dispatch safety. The emergency reaction requires active drainage water volume and cost control. This research introduces a simulation optimization emergency response optimization control model using enhanced one-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation and multiobjective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO), verifying the Gangtou Gate-Beijuma Gate section (GB section) of the Middle Route Project of South-to-North Water Diversion in China. In the downstream large-flow water supply interruption scenario, we explore regulation possibilities for optimization elements, including drainage water volume, regulation frequency, and regulation interval. The optimization of the drainage water volume significantly raises the regulation frequency of the sluice when the regulation interval is fixed. The drainage water volume can be balanced and optimized, and the frequency of sluice control can be decreased, by increasing the regulation interval. The emergency response optimization control model may minimize the regulation frequency by 80% and the drainage water volume by 32.6% compared with the benchmark scheduling approach in emergencies. The model provides superior economic and applicable effects for emergency reactions to the downstream water supply disruption, with similar advantages feasible for other cascade open-channel scheduling systems.