IVF/ICSI Outcomes of Euthyroid Infertile Women With TAI: Aspirin Plus Prednisone Treatment, Does It Matter?

Abstract Objective Thyroid autoimmunity (TAI) per se has been demonstrated to be related to adverse pregnancy outcomes, including recurrent miscarriage and unexplained infertility. Although therapy of glucocorticoid to infertile remains controversial, aspirin combined with prednisone(P + A) are used frequently in antithyroid antibodies (ATA) positive infertile women in clinical practice. Methods A multicenter retrospective study was performed in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital and People's Hospital of Jinhua. We recruited 494 euthyroid infertile women positive for anti-thyroperoxidase antibody (TPOAb) and/or thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) with thyroid stimulating hormone 0.35-4.0mIU/L, who undergoing first in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) cycle during the period of 2017 to 2020. 346 women were ultimately recruited, including 187 patients receiving fresh embryo transfer and 159 patients receiving frozen-thawed embryo transfer. Among them, infertile 150 women were treated with prednisone(10mg/d) and aspirin(100mg/d), while the other 196 infertile women were untreated as control group. The treatment commenced on the day of embryo transfer and continued until the clinical pregnancy was determined by ultrasonography around 30 days after embryo transfer. Results Clinical pregnancy rate (CPR) of the first fresh embryo transfer cycle was 57.5% vs. 63.5% in control vs. in treated group (P = 0.414) and CPR was 57.8% versus 61.8% in the two groups in the frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycle(P = 0.606). Additionally, the prevalence of delivering a live birth at the fresh embryo transfer was 49.6% in the non-treatment group and 47.3% in the P + A treated group(P = 0.762). Cumulative CPR was similar in the groups at the fresh embryo transfer (control vs treated group: 56.9% vs 61.0%, P = 0.534). By conducting logistic regression, combined treatment of P + A appeared to have no influence on CPR or miscarriage rates (MR) at the first embryo transfer. Furthermore, the low but within the reference level of free triiodothyronine (FT3) was seen as a poor predictor of spontaneous abortion at the fresh embryo transfer. Conclusions To conclude, with regard to euthyroid women with TAI undergoing the first IVF-ET cycle, adjuvant treatment of P + A after the embryo transfer may be unnecessary irrespective of the fresh or frozen-thawed embryo transfer.