Multifunctional PD-L1 Targeted Fe3O4@DOX Nanoparticles Under MRI Monitoring For Combination Therapy of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Abstract Background: The triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most difficult subtype of breast cancer to treat, with currently restricted treatment of chemotherapy. However, evidence suggests that immunomotropy is only effective for a small portion of patients. The combination therapy of both immunotherapy and chemotherapy has demonstrated great promise in its treatment efficiency. However, this combination therapy is limited by both the organ toxicity of the chemotherapeutic drugs and the inaccessibility of the in vivo monitoring of individual tumor response to therapies. With the development of the nanomedicine, synchronous targeting therapy, imaging diagnosis and monitoring can be achieved convenientlly using the multifunctional nano-platform for TNBC. Results: In our study, we prepared the DOX loaded Fe3O4 nanoparticles targeting the PD-L1 (PD-L1@Fe3O4-DOX, FPD) to obtain the real-time magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) monitoring and combination therapy of both chemotherapy and immunotherapy for TNBC. The results showed that FPD inhibited tumor growth more effectively than either DOX chemotherapy or PD-L1 immunotherapy alone. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that FPD has shown a great potential for theranostics and clinical translation in synchronous MRI imaging-guided monitoring and combined treatment of both DOX and immunotherapy of TNBC.