An all-in-one graphene-based ionic actuator with fast switching response

A novel all-in-one actuator based on graphene oxide film with ionic liquid containing fabricated via laser writing method is provided for the first time. This actuator exhibits outstanding electromechanical properties and electrochemical properties. It delivered a deformation in rapidly actuation response and excellent actuation stability due to the unique ion transmission channels of graphene nanosheet arrays and porous structure.