Biomass composting combined with dicyandiamide influence greenhouse gas emission and microbial community in rice paddy

Abstract Characterizing the rhizosphere microbial community composition associated with enhanced crop yield and (or) greenhouse gases is an important first step towards understanding the role of the microbiota in rice paddies. This research aimed to decipher the influence of straw tea composting product combined with dicyandiamide amendment on greenhouse gas emission and microbial community in rice paddies.The results indicated that amendment of biological nitrification inhibitors can mitigate gas emissions and significantly increase rice yield by 41.70%, and improve the growth and development of the root system. Furthermore, composting product can mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, and bionitrification inhibitor combined with straw compost tea can effectively increase the growth and development of rice, the number of panicles, which are respectively 9.75% and 18.34%. However, the biological nitrification inhibitor impacted the communities of nitrogen-fixing bacteria (Proteobacteria), bacteria capable of eliminating nitrogen (Nitrospirae) as well as Verrucomicrobia known to be one of the most common and diverse phyla in soil habitats. As with bacteria, a distinct community structure and distribution patterns for archaea were observed in soils; however, the abundance, richness, regularity and diversity of archaea communities were significantly less in the different samples. In addition, biological nitrification inhibitors have had an impact in Euryarchaeota, responsible for the elimination of methane.