Immobilization of cold-adapted lipase with rational design on hydrid nanoflowers for low temperature sugar esters synthesis

Abstract Sugar esters are a relevant class of important bio-surfactants. In comparison to the chemical procedure, enzymatic transesterification by microbial lipases prefers gentle reaction conditions and minimal energy costs. In this work, a novel sugar ester was synthesized by the modified cold-adapted lipase (lip-∆lid, lip-F144A, lip-F144V). In addition, combined with the immobilization of organic-inorganic hybrid nanoflowers, the effects of three metal ions on the activity of immobilized lipase were investigated, LHNs(Ca) has the highest activity, kcat/Km of LHNs(Ca)-lip-∆lid is twice that of the free enzyme. Furthermore, comparing the conversion rate of fructose laurate ester synthetized, LHNs(Ca)-lip-∆lid (58.36%) is significantly higher than that of LHNs(Ca) (41.73%) for 48 h at 40 °C, even much higher than commercial lipase CALB and RML, which indicated that the substrate affinity and catalytic efficiency of Lip ZC12 modified by lid truncation were significantly improved. Fructose lauric acid monoester and diester behave like ordinary surfactants, that can act as a detergent, with potential applications in a variety of cleaning processes. The emulsification of monoester is higher than SDS in soybean oil phase, and both higher than diester, Therefore, these findings indicated that the LHNs(Ca) nanoparticles are suitable carriers for immobilizing modified cold-adapted lipase, and the immobilized lipase can be used as an innovative green approach to the synthesis of sugar esters in food industry.