Complete response of RCC to autologous T cell immunotherapy following progression on immune checkpoint inhibitor, A case report

Abstract Background: The renal clear cell carcinoma (RCCC) is a frequent occurrence of kidney cancer, such tumor was concealed progressed until symptomatic developed or through imaging examination. More recently, targeted therapies, immunotherapy and their combinations have improved outcome .However seeking the novel salvage treatment of second-line or above of post-immunotherapy has been warranted.Case presentation: A 55-year-old man diagnosed with non-VHL associated renal clear cell carcinoma presented 8 years ago. The upper abdominal distention and hematochezia were noticed after 6 years of nephrectomy, surgically confirmed pancreas-duodenal metastatic lesions 1.5 years ago to preclude the second primary carcinoma. Despite eight cycles of pembrolizumab plus axitinib after surgery, liver multiple masses progress rapidly. Following four cycles of autologous adoptive T cell immunotherapy and hyperthermia with low dose pembrolizumab, all metastatic lesions demonstrated complete responses. No serious adverse events were reported.Conclusions: This triple combination of adoptive T cell therapy, low dose immune checkpoint blockade, and hyperthermia has been salvage treatment for RCCC.