The effect of adverse pregnancy outcomes on early vascular aging in young women:The Kailuan Study

Abstract Backgroud: Adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs) are at increased future cardiovascular risk and require effective risk mitigation. However, data regarding appropriate postpartum screening for young women with APOs are lacking. We aimed to investigate the association between APOs and early vascular aging (EVA) in young women.Methods: Women who gave birth from 1990 to 2020 and underwent brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) assessments in the postpartum period were recruited. We excluded women with age≥50 years at the baPWV assessment or missing postpartum health examinations. The history of APOs including hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, gestational diabetes, preterm delivery and low birth weight were assessed by medical records. EVA was defined as baPWV above the 90th percentile for different age group. Multivariable Logistic regression was used to evaluate the association of APOs and EVA. Results: 3,193 participants were included in the analysis, including 912 (28.6%) individuals with APOs. The detection rates of EVA in the non-APO group and the APOs group were 7.19% (164) and 13.9% (127), respectively (P<0.05). Compared with non-APO group, the OR (95% CI) of APO-induced EVA was 1.67(1.29-2.16). The risks in the 20-29, 30-39, and 40-49 age groups were 2.51 (1.13-5.59), 1.83 (1.30-2.59), and 1.35 (0.82-2.21) (P for trend <0.05). Conclusions: APOs are risk factors of EVA for young women and the risk decreased with increasing age. EVA should be an important indicator for preventive cardiovascular risk management in young women with APOs.Clinical trial registrationregistration number ChiCTR-TNRC-11001489 http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=8050