Microbial systems, current trends, and future prospective: a systemic analysis

Microbial life is truly an important system for other living organism on the Earth. The tiny organisms are of great interest in research and academia for their better use to human life and to treat some diseases which came into due to their existence. From the past few decades, recent development in advanced microbiological resources and meta-genomics technology has completely changed the field of microbial biotechnology. The microbial community is responsible for systematic recycling of energy and nutrients which are widely involved in the sustainability of the Earth. Microorganisms directly participate in the dynamics of climate by affecting the stability, mineralization, and recycling of organic matter. In this diverse world of microbes, several features need to be investigated extensively and somehow are under investigation for betterment of animals and plants. Various unmasked aspects of microbial diversity can be beneficial, including morphological, structural, metabolic, ecological, evolutionary diversity, functional characterization, and their role in structuring the society. In this regard, several successful research works have been completed which provide basis to microbial world’s benefits in human life, disease control, and food sustainability and availability. In contrast to following research of interest, microbes had great deal with trace elements and gases that lead their role in developing sustainable atmosphere. The dark side of microbiological system is that they can be more fatal to any kind of life on the Earth. The agricultural extension, sustainable food, and environment could play vital role in development of economy of any nation. Better understanding of nutrients and microbe interaction required for agricultural plant can generate sustainable food. Least but not last, the health and disease control sectors are flourishing in the world due to in-depth research in understanding the microbe genetic and genomic features. Those featureful fact has been used to halt the virulent action of microbial organism which resulting in saving animal and plant’s life which means secure and sustained future of generations but still microbiological system needs more and advanced research to overcome recent and upcoming challenges for human generation due to diversity in virulence of microbes. In this chapter, microbiological systems and their impact on animal and plants, changes in atmosphere, and sustainable development have been discussed in detail. However, there are a number of hidden microbes which are harmful for life, but researchers have been extensively working on to crack them. This chapter could provide positive way to perspective and ongoing research for sustainable development from microbial community.