Preparation of boron-nitrogen co-doped vertical graphene electrode for glucose detection

In this work, vertical graphene (VG) and boron-doped vertical graphene (BVG), nitrogen-doped vertical graphene (NVG), and B-N co-doped vertical graphene (BNVG) films were prepared by electron-assisted hot-filament chemical vapor deposition. Scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy were used to characterize the morphology, microstructure, and composition, and the electrochemical performance of the skin-sensing electrode was analyzed by electrochemical methods. The results show that the BNVG film has a three-dimensional porous network structure, which is formed by interlacing many vertically grown graphene nanosheets. The content of B and N atoms (atomic fraction) in these nanosheets reached 3.78% and 2.75%, respectively. Furthermore, the skin-contact resistance of the BNVG film electrode was only 4.5 k Omega, which was lower than that of the VG electrode. The BNVG film electrode-based sensor had a wide linear range of 0.001 to 10 000 mu mol center dot L-1, and the detection limit was as low as 0.03 mu mol center dot L-1 (S/N=3). Moreover, the developed sensing electrode showed excellent anti-interference ability and long-term stability (45 d).