Soil heavy metal pollution: impact on plants and methods of bioremediation

Soil contamination with heavy metals is a global issue due to the accumulation of these compounds in plants and the environment by non-stop anthropogenic and geological activities endangering the health of living organisms. Crops producing on these soils illustrated stunted growth and reduced yield. Bioremediation has the recompenses for curing these metal contaminated soils as it is low cost, harmless, and highly efficient as well as ecosystem friendly. Different microbes and plants adopt several mechanisms for the remediation of contaminated soils. For the treatment of polluted soils, the use of plants is the most common strategy for the remediation of metal metals-affected areas. The conjunction of plants, as well as microbes, proved to be an efficient approach that ensures the cleanup of polluted soils. Successfulness of this strategy highly depends on plant and microbe species involved in the process.