Morbidity and development of children with very low and extremely low birth weight in the first few years of life

Due to the rapid development of perinatal care in the Russian Federation, there has been an increase in the survival rate of premature infants with very low and extremely low birth weight in recent decades. This patient cohort is characterized by the development of several severe disabling conditions that cause health problems in older age. The structure of morbidity of children born preterm has its own features – almost 100% of these patients have pathology of the nervous system, they are susceptible to diseases of the respiratory system, and diseases of the sensory system are more common. The care and rehabilitation of these patients requires high financial costs. This article presents a review of literary data concerning the results of studies that assessed the need for medical care, the structure of morbidity of premature children at different ages, depending on the birth weight and gestational age. Key words: morbidity, medical care, preemies, review, very low birth weight, extremely low birth weight