Research progress of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated and HDR-type gene drive technology in mosquito genetic control

Gene drive refers to the phenomenon that specific genes or genetic elements are passed from parent to offspring in the form of super-Mendelian inheritance. In recent years, based on the genetic characteristics of gene drive and the theoretical basis of their molecular mechanisms, and supported by CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing system, gene-driven genetic control technology has become an advanced research hotspot in the field of basic mosquito biology and genetic control. And there have emerged some practical and effective achievements that take into account ecological stability. This paper reviews the basic principles of gene drive, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated and HDR-type drive technology strategies, improved strategies to reduce gene-driven resistance and potential risks, and simulation analysis of gene drive. It is hoped to provide a reference for the development of a gene-driven mosquito genetic control technology system that takes both high efficiency and safety into consideration.