Development of Operational Planning Model for Demand-side Energy Resources under Demand Response

The energy transition toward carbon neutrality in 2050 is progressing, and attention is being paid to demand-side energy resources to absorb the fluctuations in the output of variable renewable energy. The objective of this research is to construct an easy-to-adopt methodology for virtual power plants that the method can be adopted for arbitrary demand-side energy resources such as district heating and cooling system and water distribution system by using a part of measured process variable values, to respond against demand response signal in any time. The proposed VPP method is composed of a process modelling method for an optimal operational planning problem and a time series forecasting method as well as an optimization algorithm that fulfils the requirements of a given demand response event. This paper represents the three models to identify input-output characteristics of demand-side energy resources. Quadratic polynomials, piecewise linear approximation and discretization by basis coding are taken up as models and their respective characteristics are discussed.