Distributed Cooperative AGC Method for New Power System With Heterogeneous Frequency Regulation Resources

The inverter-interfaced renewable energy is increasing in future new power systems, both the system rotary inertia and frequency regulation capacity of traditional units are decreasing and becoming increasingly insufficient. It is urgent to explore various types of frequency regulation resources, especially for inverter-interfaced units that show fast response speed. The heterogeneous frequency regulation resources generally have different system models, capacities, and response speeds, which challenges the automatic generation control (AGC). In this paper, to make the heterogeneous frequency regulation resources provide improved frequency regulation performance, a novel distributed cooperative AGC method is proposed. Firstly, a distributed consensus-based area control error (ACE) discovery algorithm is proposed. Then, each frequency regulation unit can participate in the frequency regulation with an individual PI controller based on the discovered ACE information. Finally, by controlling the low-speed AGC units to generate more power, it can release the power capacity of the high-speed AGC units to prepare for the following round of AGC services. Furthermore, the communication delays are also considered for the proposed distributed AGC algorithm design. The improved performance of the proposed AGC method is verified based on the simulation study of a two-area power system with five different kinds of frequency regulation units.