Physiochemical aspect of different CuO catalyst surface to APC thermochemical transformation

Ammonium perchlorate (APC) as an oxidizer component of solid propellant is studied experimentally due to its complex nature of decomposition reactions concerning solid -stated theories. To reveal the surface -structure chemistry of copper oxide (CuO) as a catalyst to decomposition reactions of APC, CuO (26 similar to 675 nm) in cubical, leaf, leaf sphere, and rod -like structures successfully prepared and crystallized with APC to distinctive CuO/APC (10-20 mu m) composites. HAADF-STEM, XPS along Raman, and BET characterize copper oxide's chemically enhanced surface activity. TG-DSC-QMS detects the reaction process between CuO and APC, and a high-speed camera records the combustion process of CuO/APC in the open air. The results show that other than surface area, the surface adsorption oxygen property is the key parameter to control the catalytic effect. The CuOnanorods provided the highest chemical species of higher Cu1+/Cu2+ along maximal surface adsorb oxygen to chemisorption of NH4+ and ClO4-. The kinetic analysis found an increase in conversion rate, activation energy with a higher frequency factor, and rate constant by CuO addition to APC.