Chronicle of a death foretold: does higher volatility anticipate corporate default?

We test whether a simple measure of corporate insolvency based on equity return volatility – and denoted as Distance to Insolvency (DI) – delivers better predictions of corporate default than the widely-used Expected Default Frequency (EDF) measure computed by Moody’s. We look at the predictive power that current DIs and EDFs have for future defaults, both at a firm-level and at an aggregate level. At the granular level, both DIs and EDFs anticipate corporate defaults, but the DI contains information over and above the EDF, especially at longer forecasting horizons. At an aggregate level the DI shows superior forecasting power compared to the EDF, for horizons between three and twelve months. We illustrate the predictive power of the DI measure by examining how corporate defaults would have evolved during Covid-19 had the ECB not implemented the pandemic emergency purchase programme (PEPP).