Bacterial nanocellulose: A novel nanostructured bio-adsorbent for green remediation technology

Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC), an exo-polysaccharide yielded by aerobic bacteria has gained ample recognition during the last several years. Owing to its eccentric physical and chemical properties in contrast to plant cellulose, it has prompted researchers to explore the resources derived from bacteria, which are imperishable and eco-friendly. BNC can adsorb many classes of pollutants as well as soluble organic pollutants, oil, dyes, heavy metals, and unbidden contaminants from sewage. Ex-situ modification of BNC with certain composites has emanated as an advanced grade of improved bio-based adsorbent with propitious application in environmental remediation and treatment of wastewater. This chapter presents an overview of the available details on BNC as a new class of bio-adsorbent with special prominence on its yield and environmental applications. Additionally, the review also highlights the mechanism of BNC-based adsorbents for wastewater treatment, specifically as dye and heavy metal adsorbents.