Canting Angle Behavior of Magnetic Moments in Y‐Substituted Tb ₂ BaNiO ₅ and Its Relevance for Magnetoelectric Coupling

The Haldane-spin chain compound, Tb2BaNiO5, has been known to be an exotic multiferroic system, exhibiting antiferromagnetic anomalies at T_N1= 63 K and T_N2= 25 K, with ferroelectricity appearing below T_N2 only. Previous reports in addition established that, interestingly, Tb ions play a direct and decisive role to lead to multiferroic properties with a critical canting angle of magnetic moments, unlike other well-known multiferroics. Here, we report the results of temperature dependent neutron powder diffraction studies on Tb_2-x Y_x BaNiO_5, to get an insight into the critical canting angle for multiferroic behavior. While multiferroic transition temperature decreases linearly with Y concentration, there is an abrupt drop of relative canting angle (of Tb and Ni magnetic moments) with respect to that in parent compound for an initial substitution ofx = 0.5 in the multiferroic region, without any notable change thereafter. We therefore infer that this critical canting angle is made up of two components - cooperative (long-range) and local (short-range) contributions.