Recent development and photocatalytic mechanism in nanocomposites

Recent analysis shows that the development of many types of nanocomposites have been made by researchers for photocatalysis applications. Multistructured nanocomposites have gained increased attention in the area of photocatalytic performance due to their large specific surface area, rich surface chemistry, hydrophilicity, thermal stability, high electrical conductivity, and most importantly tunable bandgap. Therefore, with the development of a new photocatalyst, it is very interesting to understand the mechanism of electron excitation and hole creation in the catalyst and effective electron–hole separation efficiency which leads to higher photodegradation. Generally, most photocatalysts have the limitation of electron–hole pairing which leads to the suppression of photodegradation. The main thrust of this chapter is to review the newly developed photocatalyst and the mechanisms involved in photocatalysis.