Low-energy fracture of the proximal femur in older age groups as a factor of excess mortality: literature review

Taking into account the increasing number of patients with osteoporosis and, accordingly, related fractures, mortality, as a possible outcome of a fracture, is an extremely urgent problem for both the patient and healthcare system. The mortality rate after a proximal femoral fracture, especially in the first 6 months, includes deaths directly, or indirectly associated with the fracture and deaths due to concomitant diseases. The influence of these two components of mortality remains a subject of discussion. This review aimed to analyze the influence of factors directly or indirectly associated with a fracture of the proximal femur and mortality.