In-situ investigation into the dynamic evolution of electrode surface H* and H* mediated pH-independent and residue-free electro-Fenton process

•The dynamic evolution of electrode-solution interface in H* mediated Fenton is investigated in-situ.•The H* enables effective H2O2 activation to generate OH, validated by in-situ CV and ESR.•In-situ Raman confirms that H2O2 is activated through a transition state of *H3O2 adduct.•The H* production is independent of the solution pH verified by in-situ fluorescence analyses.