The gut microbiota in gallstone patients during the perioperative period

Abstract Cholelithiasis disease is a worldwide problem, and many patients undergo surgery yearly. The perioperative period's pathophysiological alterations may have an impact on the features of gut microbial populations. We examined the gut fecal microbial community signatures by conducting 16S rRNA sequencing. The samples were analyzed to assess the alpha and beta diversities of different groups and compared the abundance of bacteria at different levels among the groups. There was less of an antagonistic effect on the inferior bacteria in gallstone patients due to the dominant bacteria losing their advantages in the gut. Genus Escherichia-Shigella, Enterococcus, and Erysipelatoclostridium, which multiplied in the intestines, showed the notable modifications. There were low abundances of genus such as Faecalibacterium, Lachnospira, and Roseburia. Compared the intestinal flora of laparoscopic common bile duct exploration two months with the preoperative period, Bacteroides was significantly lower, while Escherichia-Shigella was higher. The microbial composition is markedly altered from that prior to surgery after two months after laparoscopic common bile duct exploration, but there is no clear hallmark of microbiota linked to the other perioperative phase. The intestinal flora of patients after cholecystectomy did not differ significantly from that of colorectal cancer patients.