Risk of eating disorders dietary: Consumption profile and body composition of athletes and sportspeople

Eating Disorders (ED) are diseases of multifactorial cause, involving psychological, biological and sociocultural factors. The high stress load and demands of the sports environment can facilitate the occurrence of these disorders in athletes, causing damage to health and performance. This study aimed to evaluate the risk of developing ED, the dietary intake profile and the body composition of athletes and sportspeople. It presented a cross-sectional design, descriptive analysis, nonprobability convenience sampling, consisting of 35 men and nine women. To assess the risk of ED, was used the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26), and to assess dietary intake, was applied the 24-hour Dietary Recall. Weight, height, skinfold thickness, and circumference were measured. The body fat percentage was calculated following the protocol, with the sum of seven folds. A 5% significance level was considered. It was verified that 4,5% (n=2) of the sample presented risk for ED. The mean consumption of carbohydrates was 5,4 g/kg/day, proteins 1,9 g/kg/day and lipids 1,1 g/kg/day. The average energy intake (2.453,62 +/- 802,68 kcal/day) was lower than recommended. Was verified 61,4% of the sample (n=27) with body fat percentage classified between "adequate", "good" and "excellent", and 4,5% (n=2) "bad" and "very bad". It is concluded that most participants presented low risk for ED, adequate nutritional status, energy deficit food intake, and unbalanced macronutrient distribution. After nutritional interventions, such inadequacies were adjusted, allowing optimization of physical performance.