Declining O-2 in the Canada Basin Halocline Consistent With Physical and Biogeochemical Effects of Pacific Summer Water Warming
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS(2023)
摘要
The Arctic Ocean's Canada Basin (CB) has seen significant changes in ocean properties in the past two decades. A prominent change has been a warming of the Pacific Summer Water (PSW) layer in the central CB. The corresponding change in dissolved oxygen (O-2) is analyzed here to provide additional insight into PSW physics and biology, pathways, and evolution. O-2 observations are analyzed between 2003 and 2021 from the Joint Ocean Ice Study/Beaufort Gyre Observing System (JOIS/BGOS) field program, which samples CB hydrographic and biogeochemical properties. In the central CB, warming of the PSW layer over 2003-2021 has been accompanied by O-2 decreases over this time in the layer. Nutrients and other biogeochemical properties are analyzed to quantify the combined influences of both physical changes and biological changes on the evolution of O-2 concentrations in the CB PSW. In the upper portion of the PSW, O-2 decreases can be entirely accounted for by surface warming (and corresponding decrease in O-2 solubility) of its source waters in the Chukchi Sea region. In the deeper portion of the PSW layer, the observed O-2 changes are larger, and are accounted for by a combination of the decreased solubility effect due to warming, and increased organic matter breakdown in warmer waters. Decreasing O-2 in a warming Arctic Ocean is consonant with O-2 trends in the warming global oceans, and highlights the need for continued observations and analyses.
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