Effects of Starvation on the Physiology and Liver Transcriptome of Yellowcheek (Elopichthys bambusa)

Anthropogenic and extreme climate disasters cause ecological changes in natural rivers and lakes, increasing the risk of starvation in yellowcheek (Elopichthys bambusa). Therefore, the impact of starvation on the metabolism and wild population of yellowcheek should be explored. In this study, we used transcriptome sequencing technology to analyze the effects of short (8 d) and long-term (28 d) starvation on the liver transcriptome, growth, and serum indicators of yellowcheek. Our results showed that short-term starvation significantly reduced the visceral weight and viscera index of yellowcheek. Long-term starvation significantly reduced the body weight and Fulton's condition factor, and it maintained significant reductions in visceral weight and viscera index. These results indicate that glycogen is the preferred energy source, rather than muscle protein, under starvation. Short-term starvation limited N-glycan and fatty acid biosynthesis, fatty acid elongation in the endoplasmic reticulum in the liver, and upregulated fatty acid degradation. However, long-term starvation alleviated the reduction in N-glycan and fatty acid biosynthesis caused by early starvation, and it significantly reduced fatty acid elongation in the mitochondria, as well as fatty acid degradation. These results provide important experiment information for assessing the starvation levels and nutritional status of wild yellowcheek.